US Construction Sector NAICS 23
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Industry Summary
The 801,000 construction sector establishments are involved in the clearing and preparation of land; building of structures and infrastructure; installation of mechanical systems, nonstructural components and finishings; and the remodeling and expansion of existing structures. The sector is segmented into construction of buildings (residential and nonresidential), heavy and civil engineering, and specialty trades.
Dependence on the Economy and Market
Demand for construction is highly dependent on economic health and can vary considerably across markets.
Seasonal and Weather-Related Factors
Seasonality and weather conditions affect project timelines and contractors’ ability to perform work.
Recent Developments
Jul 6, 2026 - Construction Industry Confidence Holds Steady in Q2
- Construction industry confidence held steady in the second quarter, with Engineering News-Record's (ENR) Construction Industry Confidence Index remaining at 54 and its Economic Index staying at 48 for a third consecutive quarter. Index readings of 50 or more suggest a healthy industry. Executives reported weaker views of the current market but slightly improved expectations for the next 12 to 18 months. General contractors and construction managers were the most confident, while design firms improved and subcontractors slipped. Larger firms remained more optimistic than smaller ones. More than 75% of ENR respondents reported upward price pressure. Industry watchers suggest inflation, higher rate expectations, and materials costs are weighing on contractors, though strong demand, especially for data centers, continues to support the market.
- New single-family home sales fell 7.3% month-over-month and were down 6.8% year-over-year in May 2026, according to the US Census Bureau. May’s total new home sales reached 580,000 units. Increased inflation, high mortgage rates, and economic uncertainty are keeping many would-be buyers on the sidelines, according to the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB). As new home sales soften further, stockpiles of completed homes continue to stack up. Inventories of unsold new homes reached 496,000 units in May, up 2.3% compared to April, but down 1.4% from May 2025. The months' supply of new homes was 10.3 months in May. The US housing market is generally considered balanced with five to six months of inventory.
- The Associated Builders and Contractors (ABC) Construction Backlog Indicator rose by 0.3 months to 9.1 months in May 2026 compared to April. The infrastructure backlog increased by 0.2 months to 10.1 months in May from the previous month, and the heavy industrial backlog rose by 0.9 months to 10 months over the same period. May’s commercial and institutional construction backlog decreased 0.1 months to 8.8 months compared to April. The ABC’s Construction Confidence Index for sales fell to 61.1 in May from 66.2 in April. A Confidence Index sales reading of 50 or more indicates most contractors are optimistic about sales. ABC Chief Economist Anirban Basu said that while May backlogs reached nearly a three-year high, backlog growth is increasingly concentrated among large contractors working on data centers. The drop in contractor confidence in May, despite the overall increase in the backlog index, highlights the disproportionate benefits of data center growth for larger contractors.
- Fitch Ratings lowered its 2026 outlooks for US homebuilding and North American building products to deteriorating, citing weak affordability, mortgage rates near 6.5%, soft consumer sentiment, and slower housing turnover. Fitch expects new home sales to fall 2.5% in 2026, single-family starts to decline 4.5%, and remodeling demand to remain constrained, especially for big-ticket discretionary projects. The slowdown could reduce demand for new construction, renovations, and resale-driven upgrades in the hardware, plumbing, and HVAC equipment markets. However, repair, maintenance, and nondiscretionary categories, including plumbing repair, roofing repair, coatings, HVAC replacement parts, and essential equipment, should prove more resilient. Distributors may face lower volumes, margin pressure from inflation, and cautious customer spending, partly offset by nonresidential activity in data centers and power infrastructure.
Industry Revenue
US Construction Sector
Industry Structure
Industry size & Structure
The construction sector is comprised of 801,000 establishments that employ 8.3 million workers and generate $3.1 trillion in annual revenue, according to government sources.
- The construction sector represents 5% of the nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employs 5% of the country's workers.
- The specialty trade contracting segment is highly fragmented: the 50 largest specialty trade firms represent 7% of segment revenue. The 50 largest building construction firms represent 22% of segment revenue; the 50 largest heavy and civil works firms represent 26% of segment revenue.
- The construction sector has a high volume of independent contractors with no employees. The number of nonemployer establishments is about 948,568 in building construction, 40,315 in heavy and civil works, and 1.9 million in specialty contracting. The owner of nonemployer establishments typically performs the work or subcontracts labor for large or complex jobs.
- The construction sector shed 78,000 establishments in 2021, which equals about 8.5% of existing establishments, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. However, the industry added 98,000 new establishments, which is equivalent to 10.7% of existing establishments. As a result, the construction sector has an average growth rate of 2.2%.
- The construction sector is forecast to grow its employment base by 5.2% overall in 2024-2034, which is higher than the national average of 3.1% for all jobs, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Industry Forecast
Industry Forecast
US Construction Sector Industry Growth
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