US Retail Sector NAICS 44, 45

        US Retail Sector

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Purchase Report

Industry Summary

The 645,400 retail establishments in the US purchase goods from manufacturers and distributors and sell a mix of those goods to consumers and businesses. Specialty retailers sell a particular type of merchandise, such as furniture or jewelry, broad line retailers sell a wide variety of merchandise and include department stores, sporting goods stores and gift and souvenir stores. Big box stores (Walmart, Target) and wholesale clubs (Costco, Sam’s) are competition for a wide range of retailers.

Competition from Online Retailers

The coronavirus pandemic shut down brick-and-mortar stores and accelerated the adoption of online shopping by consumers.

Battling Against Inventory Obsolescence

The retail sector is in a constant state of change, driven by trends, fads, seasonality and perishability.


Recent Developments

Jun 19, 2026 - Retail Drone Competition Grows
  • Walmart’s expansion of drone delivery with Wing highlights the growing importance of ultra-fast fulfillment in US retail, according to Retail Dive. The retailer plans to add seven new metro markets and expand drone operations to more than 270 stores by 2027, leveraging its store network to deliver orders in as little as 30 minutes. The move raises consumer expectations for speed and convenience while increasing pressure on retailers to invest in last-mile delivery technologies. Walmart is also using drone delivery to compete more directly with Amazon, which has been expanding its Prime Air drone program as part of its broader effort to accelerate same-day delivery. As both retailers scale drone operations, the technology could become a key competitive differentiator, helping large retailers improve customer loyalty, drive e-commerce growth, and further integrate physical stores with digital fulfillment.
  • The US retail industry faces a mixed environment in mid-2026 as consumer confidence remains subdued but shows signs of stabilization, according to recent indicators. The Conference Board's Consumer Confidence Index slipped to 93.1 in May, while the Present Situation Index fell to 121.2, reflecting weaker views of current business and labor market conditions. However, the Expectations Index rose to 74.4, suggesting consumers are somewhat more optimistic about the months ahead. Similarly, the University of Michigan's Consumer Sentiment Index increased 9.2% month over month to 48.9 in June, while the Current Economic Conditions Index rose to 48.4 and the Consumer Expectations Index climbed to 49.3. Despite these improvements, sentiment remains well below year-earlier levels, and two-thirds of consumers report cutting back spending due to rising prices. As a result, retailers may continue to face cautious consumer spending, particularly for discretionary goods, while value-oriented and essential product categories remain more resilient.
  • According to a research report from Marcus & Millichap, US retail sales continued to grow in April 2026, but spending became increasingly concentrated on essential goods and services. Core retail sales rose 0.5% from March and 4.9% year over year, though inflation limited real spending gains. Consumers pulled back on discretionary categories such as furniture, electronics, and apparel, while spending at grocery stores and restaurants increased. More than 70% of consumers had spent or planned to spend their tax refunds, with nearly half using the funds for necessities such as bills and groceries, highlighting ongoing budget pressures. Online sales captured a record 24.7% share of core retail sales, with e-commerce spending up 1.1%, as consumers sought convenience and discounts. For retailers, the environment favors value-oriented and necessity-based businesses, while discretionary retailers may face slower demand, increased price sensitivity, and pressure to compete through promotions and online channels.
  • Retailers are facing growing uncertainty around tariff refunds after the US Supreme Court struck down Trump-era tariffs, creating operational, pricing, and customer-relations challenges across the US retail sector, according to an NPR report. While businesses can now apply for tariff refunds, many retailers may struggle to determine how much tariff cost was ultimately passed on to consumers because expenses were absorbed throughout complex supply chains. Some companies are already outlining responses: Costco said it may pass tariff recovery savings to shoppers through lower prices, while apparel retailer Princess Awesome is considering issuing $10 store credits to customers who contributed to its tariff “tip jar.” For retailers, the development could support selective price reductions and improved margins, but it may also increase legal and reputational risks as consumers seek a share of refunded tariff costs.

Industry Revenue

US Retail Sector


Industry Structure

Industry size & Structure

The retail sector is comprised of 645,400 establishments that employ 15.5 million workers and generate $6.9 trillion in annual revenue, according to government sources.

    • The retail sector represents 6.3% of the nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employs 12% of the country's workers.
    • The sector is concentrated at the top with the 20 largest retail firms representing a third of revenue, but it is fragmented at the bottom.
    • In addition to employer establishments, the retail sector has 2.1 million owner-operated establishments with no employees. Subsectors with the highest numbers of nonemployer establishments are direct selling establishments, which include door-to-door sales, home parties, fuel (heating oil and propane) delivery, and meat and meal plans; ecommerce; grocery products; clothing stores, and automobile dealers. The owners of nonemployer establishments typically perform the work and may outsource support functions like marketing and accounting.
    • The retail sector shed about 79,000 establishments in 2024, which equals about 12% of existing establishments, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In comparison, the sector added 66,000 new establishments in 2024.
    • The retail sector is forecast to reduce its employment base by 1.2% overall in 2024-2034, which is lower than the national average of 3.1% for all jobs, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

                            Industry Forecast

                            Industry Forecast
                            US Retail Sector Industry Growth
                            Source: Vertical IQ and Inforum

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