US Wholesale Sector
Industry Profile Report
Dive Deep into the industry with a 25+ page industry report (pdf format) including the following chapters
Industry Overview Current Conditions, Industry Structure, How Firms Operate, Industry Trends, Credit Underwriting & Risks, and Industry Forecast.
Call Preparation Call Prep Questions, Industry Terms, and Weblinks.
Financial Insights Working Capital, Capital Financing, Business Valuation, and Financial Benchmarks.
Industry Profile Excerpts
Industry Overview
The 699,324 merchant wholesalers in the US purchase goods from suppliers and sell a mix of those goods to customers. Major customer segments include manufacturers, other distributors, retailers, exporters, institutions (i.e. schools and hospitals), and service providers (i.e. restaurants and hotels). Wholesalers are also known as wholesale merchants, distributors, jobbers, drop-shippers, or import/export merchants.
Competing with Suppliers
The traditional flow of goods from manufacturer to wholesaler and then to retailer or service provider is beginning to break down.
Expansion Pressure
Rapid growth in e-commerce and consumer demand for faster order fulfillment are putting pressure on wholesalers to set up distribution facilities closer to major customers and carry a wider range of goods.
Industry size & Structure
The wholesale sector is comprised of 699,324 establishments that employ 6.1 million workers and generate $7.8 trillion in annual revenue, according to government sources.
- The wholesale sector represents 6% of the nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
- The sector is fragmented with the 20 largest firms representing just 18.6% of revenue.
- In addition to employer establishments, the wholesale sector has 393,682 owner-operated establishments with no employees. Subsectors with the highest numbers of nonemployer establishments are ecommerce wholesalers, agents and brokers (16.8%), grocery wholesalers (7%); apparel, piece goods, and notions wholesalers (6.5%); machinery, equipment, and supplies wholesalers (4.3%) and motor vehicle (4.2%); these firms typically perform the work and may outsource support functions like marketing and accounting.
- While the wholesale sector shed about 56,000 establishments in 2022, it also added about 56,000 new establishments that year.
- The wholesale sector is forecast to grow its employment base by 2.4% overall in 2021-2031, which is much lower than the national average of 5.3% for all jobs, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Industry Forecast
US Wholesale Sector Industry Growth
Recent Developments
Nov 17, 2024 - Wholesale Activity Growth, Labor Costs Up
- Economic activity in the services sector including the wholesale sector expanded in October 2024, according to the Services ISM Report on Business. The Services PMI registered 56% in October, up 1.1 percentage points from September, marking the fourth consecutive month of expansion. Fourteen of the 18 services industries reported growth in October including Retail Trade; Information; Transportation & Warehousing; Accommodation & Food Services; Finance & Insurance; Construction; Mining; Public Administration; Utilities; Real Estate, Rental & Leasing; Educational Services; Professional, Scientific & Technical Services; Health Care & Social Assistance; and Wholesale Trade. Fifteen of the 18 services industries reported an increase in prices paid during the month of October, including the Arts, Entertainment & Recreation; Retail Trade; and Wholesale Trade industries. Employment by wholesalers grew 0.9% in October 2024 compared to a year ago, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Average wages for nonsupervisory employees at wholesalers rose 2.3% in October 2024 year over year, reaching $31.48 per hour.
- According to a new study by the National Retail Federation (NRF) of the estimated impact of president-elect Donald Trump’s tariff proposals, the costs of major consumer product categories are expected to rise. Trump has proposed a universal 10-20% tariff on imports from all countries and an additional tax on imports from China. Per the NRF study, consumers would pay $13.9 billion to $24 billion more for apparel, $8.8 billion to $14.2 billion more for toys, $8.5 billion to $3.1 more for furniture, and $6.4 billion to $10.9 billion more for household appliances with the proposed tariffs in place. The study showed the tariffs would have a “significant and detrimental impact” on the costs of a wide range of consumer products, in particular those products supplied primarily by China. US retailers would be unable to absorb the increased costs and would need to raise prices “higher than many consumers would be willing or able to pay.” According to Jonathan Gold, NRF vice president of supply chain and customs policy, “Retailers rely heavily on imported products and manufacturing components so that they can offer their customers a variety of products at affordable prices. A tariff is a tax paid by the U.S. importer, not a foreign country or the exporter. This tax ultimately comes out of consumers’ pockets through higher prices.”
- The US wholesale industry is projected to grow at a CAGR of 4.4% between 2024 and 2028, according to a forecast from Inforum and the Interindustry Economic Research Fund, Inc. The expected growth rate is comparable to the overall economy‘s anticipated growth. The report noted that retail and wholesale trade sectors are driven by consumer spending along with business and government expenditures. Consumer confidence is expected to improve in the forecast period, which bodes well for the retail and wholesale industries. Factors that continue to limit consumer spending are lower consumer sentiment levels, higher interest levels, and elevated price levels. On a positive note, inflation is subsiding, which supports a moderate increase of real disposable income by about 1.9% in 2024 and 2.4% in 2025. Production and distribution systems have improved with many imbalances diminishing, according to the forecast.
- Imports bound for the US grew 5.8% in October 2024 compared to a year ago, increasing for the 14th consecutive month, according to an S&P Global Market Intelligence report in Logistics Management. Sequentially, the month posted a 3.3% decline from September 2024. Many consumer industries have been aggressively shipping items early to bypass any potential challenges later in the year, which has contributed to a slowdown in growth rates. According to the report, S&P’s Chris Rogers said October was an unusual month to assess given the early shipping decisions by many sectors and the US East and Gulf Coast ports’ strike.
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