Blood and Organ Banks NAICS 621991
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Industry Summary
The 1,750 blood and organ banks in the US collect, store, and distribute blood and blood products, organs, and tissues. Blood banks and organ banks are non-profit organizations. Tissue banks and plasma banks can operate as for-profit entities. Blood and organ banks may have contracts with hospitals, healthcare providers, pharmaceutical companies, or other organizations.
Extremely Perishable Inventory
Blood, organs, and tissue are extremely perishable and require specialized removal processes and storage conditions.
Limited Supply
Supply of blood, organs, and tissue is dependent on the availability of donors, which is well beyond the control of the industry.
Recent Developments
Mar 10, 2025 - Health Spending Continues Increasing
- US health spending, an indicator of demand for blood and organs, increased 7.4% year over year in November 2024 and represented 18.1% of GDP, according to health care nonprofit organization Altarum. Personal health care spending growth in November was 7.4% year over year, with utilization growth continuing to outpace price growth. Among the major health care categories, prices for hospitals (3.3%) and dental care (3.0%) were the fastest-growing, while prescription drugs was the slowest (1.1%).
- Blood donations haven't fully recovered from the steep downturn caused by the coronavirus pandemic, according to the Red Cross. Blood drive activities were significantly impacted, and donor participation decreased due to social distancing measures and cancellation of voluntary blood drives in response to stay-at-home orders issued by local, state, and federal governments. Blood drives at high schools and colleges were sharply curtailed since 2020 and haven't returned to pre-pandemic levels. About 25% of donations collected by the Red Cross came from school blood drives before the pandemic. The percentage has been as low as 10% since then and currently hovers around 20%.
- The current state of organ transplantation in the US is inadequate and must be addressed, according to House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations Chair Morgan Griffith. “There are over 100,000 individuals waiting for an organ transplant and about 17 people die each day waiting for one," Griffith noted. Griffith also cited research which found that there are more than 28,000 viable organs that are not recovered each year. More than 1,100 complaints were filed by patients, families, transplant centers and others regarding the organ transplant system between 2010 and 2020, according to a Senate Finance Committee report cited by Griffith.
- Blood and organ bank industry employment and average wages for nonsupervisory employees increased slightly during the first month of 2025, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Blood and organ banks increased prices slightly during 2024, according to the BLS. The National Organ Transplant Act makes the act of buying and selling organs and tissues illegal but operators can charge fees for collecting, shipping, processing, marketing, and implanting them.
Industry Revenue
Blood and Organ Banks
Industry Structure
Industry size & Structure
The average blood or organ bank employs around 51 workers and generates $9 million in annual revenue.
- The blood and organ bank industry consists of 1,750 establishments that employ 89,300 workers and generate $16.3 billion annually.
- Non-profit organizations account for 52% of establishments and about 71% of revenue. For-profit organizations account for 48% of establishments and about 29% of revenue. Blood banks and organ banks are non-profit organizations. Tissue banks and plasma banks can operate as for-profit entities.
- The industry is concentrated; the top 50 companies account for over 84% of industry revenue.
- Large organizations include the American Red Cross, America's Blood Centers, and the Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation. In the US, 58 non-profit organ procurement organizations (OPO) coordinate the organ donation process.
Industry Forecast
Industry Forecast
Blood and Organ Banks Industry Growth
Source: Vertical IQ and Inforum
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