Clothing Stores NAICS 4581

Unlock access to the full platform with more than 900 industry reports and local economic insights.
Get access to this Industry Profile including 18+ chapters and more than 50 pages of industry research.
Industry Summary
The 35,400 clothing retailers in the US generate revenue by selling a variety of apparel and apparel-related products to consumers. Clothing stores sell primarily new clothing, and may specialize in a particular category, such as men, women, children, infants, families, or accessories. Family clothing stores account for 57% of industry sales. Women’s clothing stores are 19%; other specialty stores are 20%, and men’s clothing stores are 4%.
Seasonality of Demand
Most clothing stores experience major seasonal fluctuations during the winter holiday and back-to-school periods.
Trends and Fads Rapidly Change
The clothing industry is in a constant state of change, driven by fashion trends and fads.
Recent Developments
Apr 16, 2025 - De Minimis Rule to End in May
- An executive order by President Donald Trump will end a trade rule provision known as de minimis that had exempted lower value goods (valued at $800 or less) from duties and tariffs for goods from China, effective May 2, according to the Wall Street Journal. Trump had suspended the provision back in February as part of his order announcing a new 10% tariff on imports from China. However, the suspension was delayed following the backup of packages at ports. The rule has become a factor as fast fashion e-commerce retailers like Shein based in China have used the exemption to ship their goods to US buyers. According to government data, the number of shipments entering the US using the exemption in the last four years increased from 637 million per year to over 1 billion per year.
- According to the Global Port Tracker report from the National Retail Federation (NRF) and Hackett Associates, import cargo at major US container ports is expected to drop dramatically at the beginning of May and fall at least 20% in the second half of 2025, year over year, due to tariff turmoil. Following tariffs on goods from China, Canada, and Mexico set earlier this year, the Trump administration has set a minimum tariff of 10% on all US trading partners and reciprocal tariffs on dozens of nations. Trump has since announced additional tariffs on China, bringing the rate on imports of Chinese goods to an estimated 145%. Jonathan Gold, NRF VP for Supply Chain and Customs Policy, said retailers are expected to pull back on imports and rely on built-up inventories for the near future, noting, “Retailers have been bringing merchandise into the country for months in attempts to mitigate against rising tariffs, but that opportunity has come to an end with the imposition of the ‘reciprocal’ tariffs.” Tracker data showed that US ports handled 2.1 million 20-foot equivalent units in March 2025, which was up 11.1% year over year.
- Clothing store retailers may want to prepare for potential changes in shopping habits created by falling consumer confidence, with levels declining 7.2 points to 92.9 in March 2025 month over month, according to the Consumer Confidence Index from the Conference Board. Stephanie Guichard, Senior Economist of Global Indicators at The Conference Board, noted that the segment driving March’s decline was consumers over 55 years old, and the decline spanned all income groups with the exception being households earning over $125,000. Per Guichard, “Consumer confidence declined for a fourth consecutive month in March, falling below the relatively narrow range that had prevailed since 2022.” Purchasing plans for homes and new cars declined while big-ticket purchases rose on a six-month moving average basis, which may reflect plans to purchase certain items before impending tariffs lead to price increases.
- According to the Wall Street Journal, trendy retailer Forever 21 filed for bankruptcy in March 2025 and plans to liquidate while looking for a buyer through a court-supervised sale process. The filing follows a string of well known retailer closures including JoAnn and Party City, which struggled in a challenging environment marked by inflation, cautious consumers, and economic uncertainty. Owned by Catalyst Brands, Forever 21 had been attempting a turnaround amid stiff competition from China-founded fast fashion retailers Shein and Temu. The bankruptcy filing, its second in six years, covers the operator of the Forever 21 stores in the US, the licensee of the brand, and some US subsidiaries. Not included in the bankruptcy are its international stores run by other licensees or its intellectual property. The retailer will close its 350-plus US stores by May 1 if it does not find a buyer, according to Retail Dive.
Industry Revenue
Clothing Stores

Industry Structure
Industry size & Structure
The average clothing retailer employs fewer than 25 workers and generates $6 million annually.
- The clothing retail industry consists of about 35,400 companies that employ 852,000 workers and generate about $225 billion annually.
- Family clothing stores account for 57% of industry sales. Women's clothing stores are 19%; other specialty stores are 20%, and men's clothing stores are 4%.
- The industry is concentrated at the top, and highly fragmented at the bottom. The top 20 firms account for 55% of industry sales.
- The average independent clothing retailer operates out of a single location, employs fewer than 10 workers, and generates between $300,000 and $900,000 annually.
- The industry includes national chains, regional chains, and independent retailers. Some large apparel manufacturers have retail operations.
- Large companies include TJX Companies (TJ Maxx, Marshalls), The Gap, Victoria's Secret & Co., American Eagle Outfitters, and Ross.
Industry Forecast
Industry Forecast
Clothing Stores Industry Growth

Vertical IQ Industry Report
For anyone actively digging deeper into a specific industry.
50+ pages of timely industry insights
18+ chapters
PDF delivered to your inbox