Commercial and Retail Bakeries NAICS 311811, 311812

        Commercial and Retail Bakeries

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Industry Summary

The 11,075 bakeries in the US produce bread, rolls, and other baked goods. Commercial bakeries sell primarily to businesses (retailers, restaurants, and food service companies). Retail bakeries sell primarily to consumers. Major revenue categories include bread, rolls, cakes, cookies, and crackers. Companies may also sell frozen bakery products or may specialize in a particular type of product, such as cupcakes.

Variable Costs Impact Margins

The cost of ingredients, such as flour, sugar, cocoa, and dairy products, can vary and affect margins.

Dietary Trends Affect Demand

Trends and fads that drive food preferences can impact demand for bakery products.


Recent Developments

Feb 20, 2026 - Investing For The Long Term
  • The latest capital‑spending data shows that US bakeries are entering 2026 with lower optimism but continued commitment to long‑term investment, data from Cypress Research reported by BakingBusiness.com shows. Bakers reporting a positive outlook for their company declined from 93% to 85%, with a bigger drop for bakers reporting a very positive company outlook (53% to 30%) as trade uncertainty and rising ingredient costs replaced labor as the industry’s top challenges under the current policy environment. Nevertheless, bakeries aren’t pulling back on capital spending, with most planning to maintain 2025 investment levels. For bakeries, this entails continued modernization of production lines, efficiency upgrades, and technology adoption, even as margins tighten. The industry’s willingness to keep investing reflects its long‑term mindset: equipment cycles span decades, and bakery operators know that delaying upgrades risks falling behind on throughput, food safety, and labor productivity.
  • Commercial bakeries face rapidly shifting consumer expectations and operational pressures, pushing them toward more differentiated products and smarter production models this year, writes restaurant and bakery supplier Plastic Container City. Texture mash‑ups have become a major sales driver, requiring bakeries to rethink formulations and invest in packaging that preserves delicate contrasts during distribution. Sourdough is expanding beyond bread, offering longer shelf life, premium pricing, and versatility across categories. Frozen bakery continues to surge as operators seek consistency, reduced early‑morning labor, and predictable costs. Functional baking is accelerating, with high‑fiber and high‑protein items gaining traction without compromising taste. Plant‑based products have moved mainstream, especially in cookies, brownies, and quick breads. Premiumization remains a strong margin lever, while single‑serve formats capture all‑day snacking demand and reduce waste. Finally, automation and digital tools have become essential, helping bakeries maintain quality and output despite chronic labor shortages and rising operational complexity.
  • A roundtable discussion among leaders in the commercial bakery industry, reported in Commercial Baking in January, focused on continued pressure for bakeries and pathways to operational gains in the new year. Participants noted that accelerating change, including automation, new food‑safety rules, and labor shortages, is pushing bakeries toward deeper collaboration across associations and suppliers. For bakeries, this means greater access to shared training programs, data‑driven workforce development, and more coordinated advocacy on regulatory issues. Workforce capability will remain a central constraint in 2026 with bakeries in need of both skilled bakers and technically trained engineers to operate and maintain increasingly complex equipment. At the same time, regulatory and ingredient pressures are creating demand for more functional, compliant formulations without driving up costs, opening innovation opportunities for ingredient suppliers and R&D teams. Strengthening relationships with FDA, USDA, and policymakers, along with easing tariff uncertainty, should improve capital‑spending predictability.
  • Producer prices for retail bakeries rose 3.4% in November compared to a year ago, after inching up 0.5% in the previous November-versus-November annual comparison, according to the latest US Bureau of Labor Statistics data. Industry producer prices at retail bakeries eased slightly from their record high in September as the rising cost of ingredients, labor, and other inputs continues to drive producer price inflation. Employment by bread and bakery product manufacturers shrank 1.3% year over year in November, while the average industry wage rose 4.9% over the same period to a new high of $23.44 per hour, BLS data show.

Industry Revenue

Commercial and Retail Bakeries


Industry Structure

Industry size & Structure

The average commercial bakery employs 46 workers and generates between $14 million annually, while the average retail bakery employs 12 workers and generates about $1.4 million annually.

    • The bakery industry comprises about 11,075 firms that employ about 218,739 workers and generate about $46.6 billion annually.
    • Commercial bakeries account for 22% of firms and 75% of industry revenue.
    • The commercial bakery industry is concentrated - the top 50 firms account for 70% of industry revenue. The retail bakery industry is fragmented - the top 50 firms account for just 16% of industry revenue.
    • Large companies include Grupo Bimbo (Sara Lee, Arnold), J.M. Smucker-owned Hostess Brands, and McKee Foods (Drake’s Cakes, Little Debbie).
    • Bread is a standard household staple, with per capita consumption in the US of about 57 pounds annually.

                                    Industry Forecast

                                    Industry Forecast
                                    Commercial and Retail Bakeries Industry Growth
                                    Source: Vertical IQ and Inforum

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