Drug Stores & Pharmacies NAICS 456110

Unlock access to the full platform with more than 900 industry reports and local economic insights.
Get access to this Industry Profile including 18+ chapters and more than 50 pages of industry research.
Industry Summary
The 18,857 Drug store and pharmacy firms in the US are the primary channel for selling prescription drugs. Mail order pharmacies typically sell only prescription drugs, while retail drug stores usually market a large number of other drug and non-drug products, and may offer several healthcare-related services. Both retail drug stores and mail order pharmacies may act as Prescription Benefit Managers (PBMs), designing and administering prescription drug benefit plans on behalf of private employers, unions, insurance companies and other benefit plan providers.
Reduction in Prescription Drug Reimbursement
Sales of prescription drugs reimbursed by third party payers, including the Medicare Part D plans and state sponsored Medicaid agencies, typically represent over 95% of drug store and pharmacy prescription revenues.
Increased Government Regulation
Prescription drug pharmacies are subject to rapidly changing and increasingly complex government regulations at the federal, state and local levels.
Recent Developments
Jul 2, 2025 - Major Chain’s Bankruptcy Declaration Causes Industry Disruption
- Many consumers are having difficulty getting their prescriptions filled following the May 2025 chapter 11 bankruptcy filing by Rite Aid, according to Drug Topics. The company said that it continues facing financial hardships due to the “rapidly evolving retail and health care landscapes” and will close or sell all of its locations. CVS and other chains have purchased patient files from some Rite Aid stores but some of those chains are also struggling to stay afloat due to declining reimbursement, staffing shortages and other issues, according to Drug Topics.
- Annual out-of-pocket costs for the Medicare Part D drug benefit will be capped at $2,000 in 2025, according to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Many insurers are increasing premiums for their stand-alone drug plan offerings, however, according to health policy research firm KFF. Some major plan sponsors, including Aetna and UnitedHealthcare, are also reducing their stand-alone prescription drug plan offerings, and overall, there will be fewer prescription drug plans in 2025 than in 2024 – 524 plans nationwide, down from 709 in 2024.
- Strong pre-pandemic store growth is reversing as the industry faces headwinds like falling prescription reimbursement, persistent theft, and changing shopping habits, according to the Associated Press (AP). A pattern to who has access to pharmacies has emerged, with gaps existing in urban and rural neighborhoods. Residents of neighborhoods that are largely Black and Latino have fewer pharmacies per capita than people who live in mostly white neighborhoods, according to an AP analysis of licensing data from 44 states, data from the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs, and the American Community Survey. Drug stores and pharmacies routinely close because they aren’t doing well financially or because of decreasing population in a service area, according to the AP. More than 7,000 US pharmacies have closed since 2019, according to data from University of Pittsburgh researcher Lucas Berenbrok, who considers that estimate conservative. About 54% of the closures were independent drugstores, an AP analysis of Berenbrok’s data found.
- The prices that drug stores and pharmacies charge for their products decreased 1.4% year over year in June, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Drug store and pharmacy employment decreased moderately and wages for nonsupervisory employees increased slightly during the first five months of 2025, according to the BLS. Drug store and pharmacy sales increased 4.4% year over year but decreased 7% month over month in January 2025, according to the US Census Bureau.
Industry Revenue
Drug Stores & Pharmacies

Industry Structure
Industry size & Structure
The average drug store and pharmacy employs 38 workers and generates $18 million in annual revenue.
- The drug store and pharmacy industry is comprised of about 18,857 retail or mail order pharmacy firms that operate over 42,700 stores, generating $336 billion in revenue, and employing 709,800 people.
- About 39% of stores have less than 20 employees, and 29% have fewer than 10 employees.
- Three large chains dominate the retail drug store segment (CVS Caremark, Walgreens, and RiteAid).
- Express Scripts dominates the mail order segment.
Industry Forecast
Industry Forecast
Drug Stores & Pharmacies Industry Growth

Vertical IQ Industry Report
For anyone actively digging deeper into a specific industry.
50+ pages of timely industry insights
18+ chapters
PDF delivered to your inbox