Electric Power Generation & Distribution NAICS 2211

        Electric Power Generation & Distribution

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Industry Summary

The 2,441 Electric power generation and distribution companies in the US produce and deliver electricity to residential customers, commercial businesses, and industrial operations. The industry consists of publicly-owned utilities, electric co-operatives, investor-owned utilities, and power marketers. Operations are either fully or partially regulated, depending on the state they operate in.

Changes in Environmental Laws and Regulations

Environmental laws and regulations are changing constantly and can have large impacts on electric utilities.

Shift to Natural Gas Generation

Low natural gas prices and restrictions on coal and nuclear plants are causing a shift to natural gas for new generating capacity.


Recent Developments

Mar 24, 2026 - Rising Electricity Demand Boosts Industry Consolidation
  • A consortium led by BlackRock’s Global Infrastructure Partners and EQT agreed to acquire AES Corp. for $33.4 billion, including debt, highlighting rising investment in the electric power generation industry amid surging demand, according to Reuters. The deal follows other major transactions and reflects growing pressure on utilities to expand capacity amid increasing electricity consumption, driven in part by data centers and AI adoption. US power demand reached a record in 2025 and is expected to rise further, prompting utilities to boost infrastructure spending. The acquisition is expected to provide AES with greater access to capital for generation and grid investments, while reducing constraints tied to public market expectations. For the industry, the deal signals continued consolidation and increased private investment to scale reliable power generation to meet long-term demand growth.
  • Unexpected mass disconnections of data centers are emerging as a new reliability risk for the electric power generation industry, highlighting challenges in balancing supply and demand, according to The Wall Street Journal. In Virginia, clusters of facilities consuming power equal to more than 1 million homes abruptly switched to backup systems during grid disturbances in 2024 and 2025, forcing operators to rapidly curtail generation to avoid damage. While recent events involved less than 2,000 megawatts, officials warn that larger drops could destabilize the grid. Data centers could account for up to 57% of Virginia’s electricity use and as much as 17% nationwide by 2030. Utilities, grid operators, and regulators are now working with tech firms to prevent sudden load losses, underscoring the need for new grid management strategies as large power users reshape system operations.
  • Rising US demand for electricity will mostly be driven by increases in utility-scale solar generation, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Solar generation is forecast to increase 17% in 2026 and another 23% in 2027. Much of the growth will be in Texas, as the amount of solar electricity supplied to the grid by the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) is expected to increase from 56 billion kilowatt-hours (BkWh) in 2025 to 106 BkWh in 2027. Total US utility-scale solar generation is forecast to rise from 290 BkWh in 2025 to 424 BkWh by 2027. Solar's share of total US electricity generation capacity is forecast to rise from 7% in 2025 to 8% in 2026 and 9% in 2027.
  • A federal judge allowed construction to resume on the Sunrise Wind project off New York after blocking the Interior Department’s order to halt work, marking the fifth court ruling against the Trump administration’s efforts to stop offshore wind projects along the East Coast, The New York Times reports. Judge Royce Lamberth said the government failed to justify its national security claims and ruled the halt caused “irreparable harm” to the developer, Orsted. The Sunrise Wind project, which is 45% complete, is expected to power nearly 600,000 homes once operational. For the offshore wind development industry, the ruling provides temporary stability for projects already under construction and signals continued judicial resistance to federal attempts to block projects that represent billions of dollars in investment and significant clean energy capacity. Interior Secretary Doug Burgam said the department would appeal all five decisions.

Industry Revenue

Electric Power Generation & Distribution


Industry Structure

Industry size & Structure

A typical electric power company operates from multiple locations and has revenues of about $230 million per year.

    • There are 2,441 firms providing electric power utility services in the US, employing 413,100 workers, and generating annual revenue of $562 billion.
    • 59.1% are publicly owned utilities, 25.6% are cooperatives, 5.2% are investor-owned utilities, 8.6% are power marketers, and 1.5% are either community choice aggregators, behind-the-meter (on-site generation), or federal power agencies.
    • Public utilities serve 15.3% of US customers, cooperatives serve 13.4%, investor-owned utilities serve 65.7%, power marketers serve 4.7%, and behind-the-meter (on-site generation) serves 0.8%.
    • 67% of establishments have fewer than 20 employees, and 7% of firms are large with 100 or more employees.
    • Large electric power utilities include: Exelon Corp., Southern Co., First Energy, Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority (PREPA), PSEG Long Island, Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP), Withlacoochee River Electric Cooperative, Cobb Electric Member Corporation and Middle Tennessee EMC.
    • Entry into the business as a for-profit enterprise in the distribution business is difficult as most population centers are in franchised territories as designated by the state public utility commission. Entry into the generating business as an independent power producer (IPP) has a lower barrier, requiring only permits and capital for construction and certification by the ISO.

                                Industry Forecast

                                Industry Forecast
                                Electric Power Generation & Distribution Industry Growth
                                Source: Vertical IQ and Inforum

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