HVAC & Plumbing Contractors
Industry Profile Report
Dive Deep into the industry with a 25+ page industry report (pdf format) including the following chapters
Industry Overview Current Conditions, Industry Structure, How Firms Operate, Industry Trends, Credit Underwriting & Risks, and Industry Forecast.
Call Preparation Call Prep Questions, Industry Terms, and Weblinks.
Financial Insights Working Capital, Capital Financing, Business Valuation, and Financial Benchmarks.
Industry Profile Excerpts
Industry Overview
The 105,000 HVAC and plumbing contractors in the US provide installation, repair, and maintenance services for air handling and water management systems. Just over 60% of HVAC and plumbing contractors are solo operators. Contractors may specialize in residential, commercial, institutional, or industrial service.
Dependence On Construction Industry
Demand for HVAC and plumbing services is highly dependent on trends in the construction industry.
Increasing Sophistication Of HVAC Systems
Demand for improved efficiency in the non-residential market has led to increasingly complex HVAC systems and automated monitoring programs.
Industry size & Structure
The average plumbing and HVAC contractor employs 11 workers and generates about $2 million in annual revenue.
- The HVAC and plumbing contractor industry consists of 105,000 companies (including solo operators), employs more than 1.2 million workers and generates $218 billion annually.
- Just over 60% of HVAC and plumbing contractors are solo operators and generate about $65,200 annually.
- Major customer segments include single family homes (20% of industry business), office buildings (10%), manufacturing and industrial buildings (5%), educational buildings (8%), commercial buildings (7%), health care and institutional buildings (6%), and apartment buildings (4%).
- Large companies include EMCOR Group, Comfort Systems USA, Johnson Controls, and ARS Rescue Rooter.
Industry Forecast
HVAC & Plumbing Contractors Industry Growth
Recent Developments
Mar 12, 2025 - HVAC Contractors Brace for Tariffs
- To protect their margins, HVAC contractors should pay close attention to the percentage of equipment and parts they install that is imported amid the Trump administration’s tariff-based trade policies, according to ACHR News. On March 4, 2024, the Trump Administration paused tariffs on US imports from Mexico and Canada for one month for products that are compliant with the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). On February 3, a 10% tariff on goods from China went into effect. The US imports about $25 billion worth of HVAC products annually, and about 70% of imports come from countries affected by the tariff regime. HVAC contractor revenue and profits could suffer if tariffs push HVAC equipment prices higher, and consumers choose to trade down to less expensive replacement products or opt to repair instead of replace.
- The value of total US construction spending decreased by 0.2% in January 2025 compared to December, according to the US Census Bureau. Residential spending fell by 0.5%, while nonresidential spending grew by 0.1%. Within the nonresidential building construction subsector, growth in January was led by a 0.7% rise in spending for lodging projects, followed by healthcare (+0.6) and office (+0.4%). Drops in commercial, educational, and multifamily housing spending dragged overall building construction spending in January. High interest rates continue to weigh on US construction activity, and import tariffs could present additional headwinds, according to Reuters.
- A lack of affordability in the new, single-family home market could reduce demand for new HVAC installations. In 2025, nearly 75% of US households are unable to afford a median-priced new home, according to the National Association of Home Builders. Given a median new home price of $459,826 and a 30-year mortgage rate of 6.5%, more than 100 million US households are priced out of the market. In 23 US states and Washington DC, more than 80% of households cannot afford a median-priced new home, suggesting a significant discrepancy between home prices and household incomes.
- High costs for financing reduced the development of single-family built-for-rent (SFBFR) construction activity in the fourth quarter of 2024 compared to a year earlier, according to National Association of Home Builders analysis of US Census Bureau data. In Q4 2024, there were about 15,000 SFBFR housing starts, down 38% from Q4 2023. However, during the four most recent quarters, 83,000 SFBFR homes began construction, which is up 8% compared to how many were built in the previous four-quarter period. While the historical four-quarter moving average market share for SFBFR is about 2.7% (1992-2012), SFBFR’s current share of the overall single-family market is about 8%. Single-family built-for-rent homes provide an alternative for consumers who want more space but are challenged by a lack of affordable housing inventory and downpayment requirements in the for-sale market.
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