Limited-Service Restaurants NAICS 722513
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Industry Summary
The 159,000 limited-service restaurants in the US offer counter service, a practice in which patrons order food and beverage and pay before eating. Food and beverages may be consumed on-premise, taken out, or delivered. Franchises, like McDonald’s and Subway, are ubiquitous in the limited-service restaurant industry and provide independent owners with a well-known brand name and operational and marketing support.
Competition from Alternative Meal Sources
Limited-service restaurants face competition from various alternative sources, including full-service restaurants, prepared foods, specialty food and beverage retailers, and home cooking.
Junk Food Reputation
Fast food (aka "junk food") has a reputation for being unhealthy, an image that runs counter to the consumer trend toward more nutritious eating.
Recent Developments
Apr 14, 2026 - High Beef Prices Pressure Profits
- A combination of record high beef prices and value-hungry consumers has burger-centric restaurant chains in a vise, The Wall Street Journal reported in March. Limited-service operators McDonald’s and Burger King are facing significant margin pressure as beef prices surge at a time when consumers are demanding lower prices. Wholesale beef costs have risen about 48% over the past year, resulting in higher input costs for core menu items like burgers. Nevertheless, chains like McDonald’s and Burger King are expanding value menus and promotions to attract price-sensitive customers amid declining foot traffic. Some chains are offsetting pressure through technology, operational efficiency, and high sales volume, though smaller players are more vulnerable. Fast-food restaurants reported overall profit margins of 4% last year as costs rose, particularly for labor.
- Americans' snacking habits are reshaping the restaurant industry by shifting demand away from traditional meals and toward small, flexible, lower‑priced items that fit into off‑hour eating, The Atlantic reports. This change, driven by inflation, GLP‑1 drugs, remote work, and younger consumers’ preference for “intentional indulgences”, is pushing operators to rethink menus, formats, and daypart strategy. The fastest‑growing US brands are cafés, dessert shops, and drink‑forward concepts such as 7 Brew, Swig, and Tous les Jours. Their success shows that beverages and small treats now anchor demand. Traditional chains are shrinking portions and prices. McDonald’s, Sonic, Popeyes, and Chipotle are rolling out wraps, tacos, and protein cups under $4 to capture snack‑time traffic and appeal to health‑conscious consumers ordering smaller portions. Snacks, especially sweet ones, have powered immense growth among quick-service restaurants including stalwarts like McDonald’s and newer chains like China-based Luckin Coffee.
- The rapid growth of the $350 billion quick-service restaurant (QSR) industry since the pandemic has increased operational risks, making proper insurance coverage critical for operators, QSRWeb.com reports. QSR sales have grown 33% since 2019, with some segments expanding 50% or more. But this rapid expansion can create coverage gaps if policies are not regularly updated as businesses add locations or equipment. Operators must ensure their insurance policies cover key exposures, including property, employee-related issues, and potential liquor liability if alcohol is served. Maintaining equipment and vendor contracts is also essential because poor maintenance could invalidate coverage. Additional risks facing QSRs include third-party delivery liability, employee injuries, staffing pressures, food safety concerns, and cyber threats such as POS breaches. To manage these risks, restaurants are encouraged to maintain strong documentation, invest in employee training, and work with insurance brokers who specialize in hospitality to ensure coverage evolves with the business.
- Employment by limited-service restaurants grew 1.2% in January compared to a year ago, while the average industry wage rose 3.2% over the same period to a new high of $17.09 per hour, according to the latest US Bureau of Labor Department data. Employment growth and wage inflation, fueled by rising minimum wages in 19 states beginning in January 2026, are driving up payroll costs for restaurant operators. Sales for the US limited service restaurants industry are forecast to grow at a 5.62% compounded annual rate from 2026 to 2030, faster than the growth of the overall economy, according to the latest Interindustry Economic Research Fund forecast.
Industry Revenue
Limited-Service Restaurants
Industry Structure
Industry size & Structure
The average limited-service restaurant employs about 30 workers and generates about $2.3 million annually.
- The limited-service restaurant industry consists of about 159,000 firms that employ between 4 million and 5 million workers and generates over $367 billion annually.
- The limited-service restaurant industry includes chains, franchises, and independent operators. Large franchises include McDonald’s, Taco Bell, Burger King, Subway, and Panera Bread. Large chains include Chick-fil-A, Chipotle, and Panda Express. The largest firms have an international presence.
- Limited-service restaurants accounted for 34.6% of food-away-from-home expenditures in 2010 and peaked at 37.6% in 2020. They continued to capture the largest share of food-away-from-home spending through 2024.
- Between 1997 and 2022, spending at limited-service restaurants increased by over 300% from $112 billion to $468 billion.
- Quick-service restaurants (aka fast-food restaurants) accounted for 88% of limited-service operator sales in 2024, compared to just 12% for fast casual chain restaurants.
- About 80% of fast-food chain's restaurants are franchised.
Industry Forecast
Industry Forecast
Limited-Service Restaurants Industry Growth
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