Residential Building Contractors NAICS 2361

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Industry Summary
The 207,400 residential building contractors in the US build single and multi-family homes (condos and townhouses) and provide remodeling services. The majority of new single-family homes are speculative homes, in which the contractor owns the land and begins construction without a sales contract. Contractors that build speculative homes are known as operative builders. About 78% of residential building contractors are solo operators.
Reliance On Credit Markets
The availability of credit affects potential buyers’ ability to secure a mortgage and contractors’ access to capital.
Reliance On Subcontractors
Residential building contractors rely on subcontractors for a high percentage of work.
Recent Developments
Aug 18, 2025 - Homebuilders Slow to Adopt AI
- Most single-family homebuilders have yet to leverage artificial intelligence, according to a recent survey by the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB). Among 12 categories of AI use, there was significant adoption in just two. One-fifth of builders surveyed said they used AI to generate advertising and marketing materials, and 11% use AI to help analyze markets and plan projects. Other uses, including project design, safety monitoring, managing production and scheduling subcontractors, and permitting had use rates of 3% or less. Builders not using AI were asked to rate which uses they were most likely to adopt in the next two years using a scale of 1 (not at all likely) to 5 (very likely). Generating advertising and marketing materials, and help analyzing markets and plan projects had the highest likelihood ratings – 3.6 and 3.0, respectively. The other 10 AI uses had likelihood ratings of 3.0 or less.
- The Trump administration’s proposed $27 billion cut to federal rental assistance programs—amounting to a 43% reduction—has triggered concern across the affordable housing sector, stalling projects and shaking lender confidence, according to The Wall Street Journal. Some developers have halted construction due to postponed Section 8 subsidies, while lenders cite uncertainty over HUD funding as a significant deterrent. Although the House Appropriations Committee rejected the overhaul, HUD continues lobbying for the cuts, which would slash its budget by 44%. Critics warn that the move could destabilize the housing system, jeopardizing billions in multifamily loans and undermining gains from recent tax law changes that expanded the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit. Despite these incentives, developers argue that new affordable units may lack the operating revenue to remain viable without voucher programs.
- Home builder confidence in the single-family market dropped in August for the 16th consecutive month amid high mortgage rates, weak buyer interest, and elevated builder financing costs, according to the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB). Home builder sentiment, as measured by the NAHB/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index (HMI), fell one point to 32 in August 2025. Any HMI reading over 50 indicates that more builders see conditions as good than poor. The HMI survey also showed that 37% of builders reduced home prices in August to lure potential buyers off the sidelines, although the average price reduction of 5% has remained unchanged since November 2024.
- Home remodeling spending growth is expected to remain flat in 2025 and the first half of 2026, according to the Leading Indicator of Remodeling Activity (LIRA) report by the Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard. Homeowner improvements and repairs are expected to increase 2% to $509 billion in the third quarter of 2025 compared to Q3 2024. In the fourth quarter of 2025, remodeling spending will rise quarter-over-quarter to $511 billion, up 1.8% from Q4 2024. Spending will increase to $524 billion in Q1 2026, up 2.2% from Q1 2025. In the second quarter of 2026, year-over-year spending is forecast to rise 1.2% to $518 billion. Joint Center expects a weak housing market to put downward pressure on remodeling spending. However, recent federal cuts to incentives for efficiency improvements may spur short-term growth as homeowners make upgrades before benefits expire at the end of the year.
Industry Revenue
Residential Building Contractors

Industry Structure
Industry size & Structure
The average residential building contractor employs 5 workers and generates about $2.9 million in annual revenue.
- The residential building contractor industry consists of about 207,400 companies that employ about 943,100 workers and generate $599 billion annually.
- An additional 839,793 solo-practitioners generate $86 billion annually.
- Remodelers account for 62% of establishments; single-family general contractors are 27%; operative builders are 9%; and multi-family contractors are 2%.
- While residential construction includes private and public projects, the vast majority of work is in the private sector.
- About 80% of residential building contractors employ fewer than 5 workers and together cover 22% of the industry's payroll. About 20 establishments are very large, employing over 500 workers each and together covering 3% of industry payroll.
- Large companies include D.R. Horton, Pulte Homes, Lennar Corporation, NVR, and KB Home.
Industry Forecast
Industry Forecast
Residential Building Contractors Industry Growth

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