Software Publishers NAICS 513210
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Industry Summary
The 13,700 software publishers in the US produce and distribute computer software. Major product categories include application software publishing, system software publishing, and resale of merchandise. Firms are increasingly delivering software through cloud-based services (Software-as-a-Service or SaaS), in addition to on-premise products.
Technology Drives Constant Change And Investment
The information technology industry is characterized by rapid change and constant evolution.
Talent Shortage
Software developers are in short supply and many publishers are resource-constrained due to a shortage of skilled workers.
Recent Developments
Jan 16, 2026 - AI Coding may Have Hit A New Phase
- Interest in AI coding tools like Claude Code has surged due to improvements in underlying AI models that let the coding tools handle longer, more complex workflows, according to GeekWire. Claude Code is a specialized AI tool that acts like a pair-programmer for software developers. Software development has emerged as the first profession to be thoroughly reshaped by large language models, as AI systems move beyond answering questions to actively doing the work, according to GeekWire. Ethan Mollick, a Wharton School of Business professor and AI researcher, said in January 2026 that the new generation of AI coding tools represent a sudden capability leap in AI in the past month or so. Mollick notes that these tools are better at self-correcting their own errors and now have "agentic harness" that helps them work around long-standing AI limitations, including context-window constraints that affect how much information models can remember.
- Revenue and margin expansion look favorable for software firms through 2029, according to Morningstar. The financial services firm expects total software revenue to increase more than 11% annually through 2029. Software industry revenue growth is derived from existing clients in the form of additional seats and new modules and from new vendors and new business formation, according to Morningstar. Pricing tends to be lumpy, as software vendors may raise prices by 10% once every three years rather than annually by 2% to 3%.
- AI and a new class of "reasoning" AI models that are computationally intensive and expensive to operate are pushing the Software-as-a-service (SaaS) industry from monthly "per seat" licenses to usage-based, pay-as-you-go pricing, according to Business Insider. It may be an economic necessity for some companies as they adjust to the cost of running AI-powered software services. A reasoning AI model is much more expensive because it doesn't just return simple responses. Reasoning models loop through steps, check their work, and do it all again — a process called inference-time compute. Every step generates new "tokens," which have to be processed. Companies are beginning to charge based on activity such as tokens consumed, queries run, automations executed, or models accessed instead of charging per user. This aligns revenue more closely with usage and ensures companies can cover their variable and rising infrastructure costs, according to Business Insider.
- Software publishers decreased prices slightly during the first nine months of 2025, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Software publishing industry employment and average wages for nonsupervisory employees increased slightly during the first eight months of 2025, according to the BLS. Software publisher sales are forecast to grow at a 6.94% compounded annual rate from 2025 to 2029, faster than the growth of the overall economy, according to Inforum and the Interindustry Economic Research Fund, Inc.
Industry Revenue
Software Publishers
Industry Structure
Industry size & Structure
The average software publisher employs 47 workers and generates about $31.5 million annually.
- The software publishing industry consists of about 13,700 firms with 17,400 establishments that employ over 645,700 workers and generate about $430.9 billion annually.
- The industry is concentrated at the top; the top 50 companies account for about 55% of industry revenue.
- Large companies include Microsoft, Oracle, IBM, and Symantec. Large firms may generate a substantial percentage of sales overseas.
- Companies that offer primarily cloud-based services may be classified under the Census as Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services. Software publishers may offer hybrid products that combine on-premise, private cloud, and public cloud services.
Industry Forecast
Industry Forecast
Software Publishers Industry Growth
Source: Vertical IQ and Inforum
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