Specialized Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction NAICS 237990
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Industry Summary
The 4,500 specialized heavy and civil engineering construction firms engage in a broad range of non-residential construction work. Major project categories include mass transit (railroads, subways); marine construction (dredging, navigational channels, locks, docks); tunnels; outdoor recreational areas (athletic fields, parks, trails, golf courses, campgrounds); conservation and development (dams, drainage canals, flood control); and harbor and port facilities.
Uneven, Seasonal Demand
Demand for specialized heavy and civil engineering construction services is uneven and seasonal.
Dependence on Government Funding
Demand for specialized heavy and civil engineering construction services is driven by public construction projects, which rely on government funding.
Recent Developments
Dec 6, 2025 - Continuing Resolution Slows Federal Agency Projects
- The 43-day federal shutdown, the longest in U.S. history, ended November 12, but construction industry disruptions persist, according to Engineering News-Record. Infrastructure agencies, including the Department of Transportation, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Army Corps of Engineers, remain under a continuing resolution through January 30, 2026, which limits spending, staffing, and new program starts. Contractors are facing mounting delays in grant agreements, environmental reviews, and permit approvals, particularly for transportation, water, and civil works projects. Inflation and seasonal timing compound risks, as procurement delays may drive up material costs. Public owners must still meet Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act deadlines despite slowed federal processing. The reopening offers a path forward, but recovery will be gradual, requiring strategic planning across the construction sector to manage uncertainty and maintain momentum.
- Construction firms that work on civil infrastructure projects are holding steady as they manage uncertainties, including waning backlog growth and stagnant margins, according to FMI’s fourth-quarter Civil Infrastructure Construction Index (CICI) survey. The CICI reading for the third quarter was 50.6 compared to 50.8 in Q3 2025 – on a 100-point scale. Any CICI reading above 50 indicates that more civil infrastructure contractors see conditions as good than poor. About half of civil infrastructure contractors reported that their backlogs in Q4 met or exceeded their targets. However, most noted that public projects are making up a growing share of overall backlogs, as private-sector projects face greater uncertainty. Contractors expect backlog growth to slow over the next few quarters as more firms vie for a narrower set of public projects. Contractor margins remained steady but flat in Q4 2025 as bid competition and rising cost pressures eroded pricing power.
- IThe Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) announced over $5 billion in grants under the National Railroad Partnership Program, including $2.4 billion rescinded from California’s High-Speed Rail Authority, which is now suing to recover the funds, according to Engineering News-Record. Grants are open to states, tribes, Amtrak, and local governments for intercity passenger rail projects, with a focus on safety improvements. The reissued notice replaces the previous Federal-State Partnership program and removes references to six executive orders, while adding one from President Trump. California’s agency claims the funding termination was unlawful and seeks a court injunction to prevent redistribution. Applications for the new funding are due by January 7, 2026.
- In July, twenty state attorneys general filed a federal lawsuit challenging the Trump administration’s elimination of FEMA’s Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC) program, according to Engineering News-Record. The BRIC program helps fund projects to protect cities and coasts from flash flooding, storm surges, and other natural disasters caused by extreme weather. The suit argues that FEMA officials lacked legal authority to shut down the program and violated the Constitution by redirecting funds appropriated by Congress. Since its creation in 2018, BRIC has distributed over $5 billion to help cities prepare for extreme weather events. States claim the program’s termination has forced communities to delay or cancel hundreds of projects, increasing vulnerability to natural disasters. In August, a federal judge issued a preliminary injunction to stop the federal government from redirecting funds allocated to the BRIC program while the case moves forward.
Industry Revenue
Specialized Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction
Industry Structure
Industry size & Structure
The average specialized heavy and civil engineering construction company operates out of a single location, employs about 18 workers, and generates $8.2 million in annual revenue.
- The specialized heavy and civil engineering construction industry consists of about 4,500 firms that employ almost 82,500 workers, and generate over $35 billion in annual revenue.
- The industry is concentrated at the top and fragmented at the bottom. The top 50 companies account for about 48% of industry revenue.
- Large firms include Herzog Contracting (rail), Railworks, Railroad Construction Company, Orion Group Holdings (water resources), and Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Corporation (water resources).
- The US is a “closed” market for dredging with government regulations restricting dredging operations in US waters to US-owned and operated vessels staffed by US crews.
Industry Forecast
Industry Forecast
Specialized Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction Industry Growth
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