US Construction Sector
Industry Profile Report
Dive Deep into the industry with a 25+ page industry report (pdf format) including the following chapters
Industry Overview Current Conditions, Industry Structure, How Firms Operate, Industry Trends, Credit Underwriting & Risks, and Industry Forecast.
Call Preparation Call Prep Questions, Industry Terms, and Weblinks.
Financial Insights Working Capital, Capital Financing, Business Valuation, and Financial Benchmarks.
Industry Profile Excerpts
Industry Overview
The 801,704 construction sector establishments are involved in the clearing and preparation of land; building of structures and infrastructure; installation of mechanical systems, nonstructural components and finishings; and the remodeling and expansion of existing structures. The sector is segmented into construction of buildings (residential and nonresidential), heavy and civil engineering, and specialty trades.
Dependence on the Economy and Market
Demand for construction is highly dependent on economic health and can vary considerably across markets.
Seasonal and Weather-Related Factors
Seasonality and weather conditions affect project timelines and contractors’ ability to perform work.
Industry size & Structure
The construction sector is comprised of 801,704 establishments that employ 8 million workers and generate $3 trillion in annual revenue, according to government sources.
- The construction sector represents 4% of the nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employs 5% of the country's workers.
- The specialty trade contracting segment is highly fragmented: the 50 largest specialty trade firms represent 7% of segment revenue. The 50 largest building construction firms represent 20% of segment revenue; the 50 largest heavy and civil works firms represent 26% of segment revenue.
- The construction sector has a high volume of independent contractors with no employees. The number of nonemployer establishments is about 837,826 in building construction, 38,909 in heavy and civil works, and 1.8 million in specialty contracting. The owner of nonemployer establishments typically performs the work or subcontracts labor for large or complex jobs.
- The construction sector shed 78,000 establishments in 2021, which equals about 8.5% of existing establishments, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. However, the industry added 98,000 new establishments, which is equivalent to 10.7% of existing establishments. As a result, the construction sector has an average growth rate of 2.2%.
- The construction sector is forecast to grow its employment base by 4.7% overall in 2023-2033, which is higher than the national average of 4% for all jobs, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Industry Forecast
US Construction Sector Industry Growth
Recent Developments
Jan 3, 2025 - Construction Spending Flat
- The total value of construction put in place was unchanged in November compared to October, according to the US Census Bureau. Spending on nonresidential projects decreased by 0.1%, and residential spending rose by 0.1%. Within the nonresidential segment, pockets of spending growth included conservation and development, which saw growth of 9% over the previous month, followed by communication (+0.8%), sewage and waste disposal (+0.4%), highway and street (+0.2%), and power (+0.2%). Most other nonresidential segments saw flat or reduced spending in November. Private residential construction spending rose 0.1% in November over October, but a 1.3% drop in multifamily nearly offset a 0.3% increase in single-family spending. High mortgage rates may be putting downward pressure on construction activity, according to Reuters.
- According to some industry insiders’ estimates, the 2024 housing market may have been the slowest in nearly 30 years as high mortgage rates and home prices combined with extremely low housing inventories have kept homeowners locked in place and would-be homebuyers priced out of the market, according to The New York Times. The National Association of Realtors estimates that four million homes were sold in 2024, marking the second straight year of historically weak activity, and the slowest home sales since 1995. Market observers note that the housing crisis is a product of weak supply. Builders have struggled amid lingering pandemic-era problems, including high borrowing, labor, and materials costs. Freddie Mac estimates the housing shortage equals about 3.7 million homes. The outlook for 2025 remains uncertain as home prices and mortgage rates are expected to remain stubbornly high.
- Some building contractors are concerned that the Trump administration's promises of tariffs and a tougher stance on immigration could increase their costs and make their labor difficulties worse, according to The Wall Street Journal. Some industry observers suggest Trump’s plan to deport undocumented workers could cause labor shortages. In California, New Jersey, Texas, and Washington, DC, immigrants make up more than half of the construction workforce, according to the Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies. Nationwide, undocumented workers make up about 13% of the construction sector’s workforce, according to the Pew Research Center. President-elect Trump’s proposed 25% tariffs on goods from Canada and Mexico could drive up construction costs for key inputs, including softwood lumber, cement, gypsum (used to make drywall), and iron and steel. However, some builders are optimistic that Trump’s deregulation plans could reduce construction costs.
- New single-family home sales declined 17.3% month-over-month and 9.4% year-over-year in October 2024, according to the US Department of Commerce. October’s new home sales were the weakest in nearly two years as hurricanes and high interest rates kept some potential buyers away, according to Reuters. Mortgage rates at the end of October rose to 6.72%, tracking the rise in 10-year Treasury yields. Concerns about inflation are leading some market observers to expect fewer Fed rate cuts in 2025. President-elect Trump’s plans to increase tariffs on imports, primarily from China, Mexico, and Canada, are also raising inflation fears. More robust home price growth may erode demand further; October's median new home sales price was $437,300, up 2.5% from September and 4.5% higher than a year earlier.
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