US Construction Sector NAICS 23
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Industry Summary
The 801,000 construction sector establishments are involved in the clearing and preparation of land; building of structures and infrastructure; installation of mechanical systems, nonstructural components and finishings; and the remodeling and expansion of existing structures. The sector is segmented into construction of buildings (residential and nonresidential), heavy and civil engineering, and specialty trades.
Dependence on the Economy and Market
Demand for construction is highly dependent on economic health and can vary considerably across markets.
Seasonal and Weather-Related Factors
Seasonality and weather conditions affect project timelines and contractors’ ability to perform work.
Recent Developments
Feb 6, 2026 - Construction Firms Embrace AI to Manage Coming Shortage of Project Managers
- The construction industry is turning to AI tools and agents to ease project managers’ workloads and prepare for a wave of retirements that could claim 41% of the workforce by 2031, according to the National Center for Construction Research and Education and reporting by The Wall Street Journal. Companies such as Procore, Trimble, and Autodesk are rolling out AI systems that analyze safety risks, summarize documents, extract data, and automate routine tasks, helping address what the Associated Builders and Contractors expect will be a shortage of about 349,000 workers. Startups are using computer vision to track job progress and match workers with open roles, while natural language processing lets superintendents dictate logs and speed daily reporting. Firms say AI can also preserve the expertise of veteran builders by capturing their decision-making and best practices. About 60% of construction companies use some form of AI, but adoption remains uneven.
- North American construction and engineering spending in 2026 is expected to grow by 1% after decreasing an estimated 1% in 2025, according to FMI’s first-quarter 2026 North American Engineering and Construction Outlook. With 35% growth, the data center subsector will lead 2026 nonresidential construction, followed by sewage and waste disposal (8% growth over 2025), conservation and development (+7%), office (+7%), power (+5%), and water supply (+5%). Commercial construction spending is expected to decline 4% in 2026 amid a 5% drop in warehouse demand. Lodging construction spending is forecast to fall by 2%. Healthcare, religious, and transportation buildings are expected to see construction spending rise 3% in 2026, while public safety, amusement and recreation, and manufacturing post slight declines, and education spending flattens. Amid high mortgage interest rates and affordability constraints, single-family construction spending is forecast to decline by 5% in 2026. Supply gluts in some metro areas and tepid rent growth will reduce multifamily spending by 9% in 2026.
- Construction spending for nonresidential buildings is expected to remain sluggish in 2026 and 2027, according to the American Institute of Architects’ (AIA) Consensus Construction Forecast released in January. Total spending for nonresidential building construction is expected to rise just 1% in 2026 and 2.2% in 2027. For the next two years, commercial facility growth will be led by data centers, with spending rising 26.3% in 2026 and 16.5% in 2027. However, offices are expected to see a sharp decline in spending over the forecast period while warehouse and retail will see weak growth this year and modest gains in 2027. Manufacturing construction spending will fall 3.9% in 2026 and drop 2.8% next year. Spending on institutional projects will grow 2.7% this year and 2.8% in 2027, led by steady growth in the health sector, but educational, and amusement and recreation project spending will remain relatively flat.
- The NAHB/Westlake Royal Remodeling Market Index (RMI) reading for the fourth quarter of 2025 was 64, up four points from the previous quarter, according to a January 2026 report by the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB). Any RMI reading over 50 indicates that most remodelers feel market conditions are good. In the fourth quarter, the Current Conditions Index portion of the RMI rose three points to 71 compared to Q3 2025. The Future Indicators Index component of the RMI increased by four points to 56. While aging US housing stock, strong homeowner equity, and the aging-in-place trend kept the RMI solidly in positive territory in Q4 2025, the NAHB noted that high building costs and waning consumer confidence continue to pose challenges to the remodeling industry.
Industry Revenue
US Construction Sector
Industry Structure
Industry size & Structure
The construction sector is comprised of 801,000 establishments that employ 7.3 million workers and generate $3 trillion in annual revenue, according to government sources.
- The construction sector represents 5% of the nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employs 5% of the country's workers.
- The specialty trade contracting segment is highly fragmented: the 50 largest specialty trade firms represent 7% of segment revenue. The 50 largest building construction firms represent 22% of segment revenue; the 50 largest heavy and civil works firms represent 26% of segment revenue.
- The construction sector has a high volume of independent contractors with no employees. The number of nonemployer establishments is about 948,568 in building construction, 40,315 in heavy and civil works, and 1.9 million in specialty contracting. The owner of nonemployer establishments typically performs the work or subcontracts labor for large or complex jobs.
- The construction sector shed 78,000 establishments in 2021, which equals about 8.5% of existing establishments, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. However, the industry added 98,000 new establishments, which is equivalent to 10.7% of existing establishments. As a result, the construction sector has an average growth rate of 2.2%.
- The construction sector is forecast to grow its employment base by 5.2% overall in 2024-2034, which is higher than the national average of 3.1% for all jobs, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Industry Forecast
Industry Forecast
US Construction Sector Industry Growth
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