US Wholesale Sector NAICS 42

        US Wholesale Sector

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Purchase Report

Industry Summary

The 278,000 merchant wholesalers in the US purchase goods from suppliers and sell a mix of those goods to customers. Major customer segments include manufacturers, other distributors, retailers, exporters, institutions (i.e. schools and hospitals), and service providers (i.e. restaurants and hotels). Wholesalers are also known as wholesale merchants, distributors, jobbers, drop-shippers, or import/export merchants.

Competing with Suppliers

The traditional flow of goods from manufacturer to wholesaler and then to retailer or service provider is beginning to break down.

Expansion Pressure 

Rapid growth in e-commerce and consumer demand for faster order fulfillment are putting pressure on wholesalers to set up distribution facilities closer to major customers and carry a wider range of goods.


Recent Developments

Sep 24, 2025 - Global Port Tracker Forecasts Steep Drop in US Imports
  • Following a summer surge in imports, US container ports are projected to see declining cargo volumes through year-end due to rising tariffs and trade policy uncertainty, according to the Global Port Tracker report by the National Retail Federation and Hackett Associates. July saw a near-record 2.36 million TEU as retailers accelerated shipments ahead of tariff hikes. However, forecasts show steady declines from September through January 2026, with December expected to be the slowest month since March 2023. Sectoral tariffs and reciprocal trade measures are expanding, impacting a broader range of goods and complicating long-term planning for retailers. The trend signals mounting pressure on US retail supply chains. For logistics providers, importers, and retailers, the volatility in trade policy and port activity underscores the need for agile inventory strategies and diversified sourcing. Rising costs and constrained planning windows may lead to higher consumer prices and margin compression across the retail ecosystem.
  • A Zebra Technologies and Oxford Economics study reveals that automation and AI-enhanced workflows have led to productivity increases of up to 21% in transportation and logistics, 19% in manufacturing, and a 21% improvement in customer satisfaction in retail. The research highlights how improvements such as integrating automation, data, and frontline expertise boost efficiency, visibility, and financial performance. For top global firms, the improvements could translate into an average of $3 billion in higher revenue and an average of $120 million in added profit.
  • The Logistics Manager’s Index (LMI) posted slight growth in August 2025, representing upward pressure from inventory and warehousing metrics. The August LMI score was 59.3, compared to 59.2 in July, 60.7 in June, and 59.4 in May. Any reading above 50 indicates that logistics is expanding. The fluid state of tariffs continues to impact wholesalers and distributors. Compiled by researchers at five universities, the report receives support from the Council of Supply Management Professionals. It measures eight components within the logistics sector, including inventory levels and costs, warehousing capacity, utilization and prices, and transportation capacity.
  • US consumer mood indicators have weakened, signaling potential headwinds for spending. The Conference Board’s Consumer Confidence Index fell 1.3 points in August 2025, with the decline driven by younger consumers under 35, while confidence among those over 55 improved. Meanwhile, the University of Michigan’s Consumer Sentiment Index slipped to 55.4 in early September from 58.2 in August, down 21% year over year. Inflation expectations held steady, but persistent worries about prices and tariff impacts remain. Consumer sentiment and confidence are leading indicators of discretionary spending, which drives two-thirds of U.S. economic activity. A continued slump suggests households may curb purchases and delay big-ticket decisions, raising risks for retailers, service providers, and the broader economy.

Industry Revenue

US Wholesale Sector


Industry Structure

Industry size & Structure

The wholesale sector is comprised of 278,000 establishments that employ 6.1 million workers and generate $11 trillion in annual revenue, according to government sources.

    • The wholesale sector represents 6% of the nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
    • The sector is fragmented with the 20 largest firms representing just 18.6% of revenue.
    • In addition to employer establishments, the wholesale sector has 393,682 owner-operated establishments with no employees. Subsectors with the highest numbers of nonemployer establishments are ecommerce wholesalers, agents and brokers (16.8%), grocery wholesalers (7%); apparel, piece goods, and notions wholesalers (6.5%); machinery, equipment, and supplies wholesalers (4.3%) and motor vehicle (4.2%); these firms typically perform the work and may outsource support functions like marketing and accounting.
    • While the wholesale sector shed about 56,000 establishments in 2022, it also added about 56,000 new establishments that year.
    • The wholesale sector is forecast to grow its employment base by 2.4% overall in 2021-2031, which is much lower than the national average of 5.3% for all jobs, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

                                  Industry Forecast

                                  Industry Forecast
                                  US Wholesale Sector Industry Growth
                                  Source: Vertical IQ and Inforum

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